First, to strengthen the separation and recycling of plastics. Products produced by blending and modifying old materials with new materials are used in a large number of buckets, pots and building materials in daily life. Although the blended and modified products improve the utilization efficiency of plastics, they will eventually face the problem of waste.
The second is to treat waste plastics through chemical recycling. Through decomposition and recovery of raw material monomers for reuse, or chemical upgrading and recycling, that is, the use of chemical modification, controlled degradation, reaction processing and other methods, the treatment of waste plastics, and selectively convert them into related chemicals, fuels or new materials of higher value. The organic small molecule compounds produced after decomposition can be used as new basic chemical raw materials, but their investment, technology and environmental requirements are high.
The third is incineration of plastic waste. Incineration is a widely used method that can generate a lot of heat energy. However, incineration of plastic waste will produce a large number of toxic and harmful gases and hazardous substances, and it is necessary to make the plastic waste burn fully through a perfect control system, and then supporting a perfect flue gas purification system to treat the flue gas, in order to control the occurrence of pollution.
The fourth is to landfill the plastic waste. Burying plastic waste underground is the traditional way to deal with waste plastics. However, due to the small density, large size and difficult decomposition of plastic, it will seriously impede the infiltration of groundwater, and the additives in the plastic may cause secondary pollution of the land and substantially reduce the capacity of landfills to treat the waste. Therefore, although this method is simple, it is not ideal because of the greater risks and hazards and the low utilization of resources.
Fifthly, research and development of biodegradable plastic products. The research and development of degradable plastic products is an important means of tackling the problem of plastic pollution. Degradable plastics mean that they can be decomposed under certain conditions, and the products of decomposition are generally harmless substances such as carbon dioxide and water. At present, there are several types of common degradable plastics, including biodegradable plastics, photo-degradable plastics, oxidative degradable plastics and hydrolysis degradable plastics.
